{"id":1761,"date":"2014-01-03T10:18:52","date_gmt":"2014-01-03T10:18:52","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vedkabhed.com\/index.php\/2014\/01\/03\/cows-excreta-as-medicine-insult-to-humanity\/"},"modified":"2026-03-28T06:42:31","modified_gmt":"2026-03-28T06:42:31","slug":"cows-excreta-as-medicine-insult-to-humanity","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vedkabhed.com\/index.php\/2014\/01\/03\/cows-excreta-as-medicine-insult-to-humanity\/","title":{"rendered":"Cow\u2019s Excreta as Medicine: Insult to Humanity"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Written by <a title=\"Posts by Srinivas Kakkilaya\" href=\"http:\/\/nirmukta.com\/author\/kakkilaya\/\" rel=\"author\">Srinivas Kakkilaya<\/a><\/p>\n<p>The cow is, at the least, an animal domesticated by man for help in agricultural activities.[1]\u00a0 Although the mighty machines now used in farming have made these animals irrelevant in agriculture, valiant attempts are being made, at least in India, to preserve the exalted position of the so called \u2018second mother\u2019 [2] or even \u2018mother of the world\u2019 [3,4].<br \/>\n<!--more--><br \/>\n<span id=\"more-568\"><\/span> The stringent agitations to protect the \u2018cow-mother\u2019 [4,5] and even riots and murders of dalits for the sake of the cow,[6,7] suggest that the human life is far less important than a dead cow in this part of the world.[7] This extraordinary reverence for the cow has led to the development and marketing of many \u2018products\u2019 made from the secretions and excretions of the cow, with claims that these products may be more \u2018lucrative\u2019 than even the dairy.[8]\n<strong>\u2018Cow Products\u2019<\/strong><\/p>\n<p id=\"ufgaZfF\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-7216  alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/vedkabhed.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/img_5f2412643d604.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"295\" height=\"195\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vedkabhed.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/img_5f2412643d604.png 417w, https:\/\/vedkabhed.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/img_5f2412643d604-300x199.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 295px) 100vw, 295px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>The list of \u2018products\u2019 developed from the milk and excreta of the cow is quite long. <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.thereligiousproducts.com\/panchagavya.html\">Panchagavya<\/a><\/em>and cow urine distillate (<em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.yogashram.in\/June%202006.htm\">gau arka<\/a><\/em>) are the most quoted of these preparations.<br \/>\n<em>Panchagavy<\/em> is a blend of five (<em>pancha<\/em>) products obtained from the cow (<em>gavya<\/em> = from <em>gau<\/em>) \u2013 the dung, urine, milk, ghee and curd.[9,10] Three preparations of cow\u2019s urine, namely <em>gau-mutra asav<\/em> (fermented preparation), <em>gau-arka<\/em> (or distillate) and <em>Ganavati <\/em>(or tablet) are also used as medicines.[8,11] Two US patents have also been obtained for the <em>gau -arka<\/em> [11] and this fact has been highlighted over and over again.<br \/>\nVarious products from the cow have been suggested as a successful remedy against more than hundred diseases, from fever to cancer.<strong>[8,11,12] <\/strong><em>Panchagavya<\/em> is most reverentially used as a \u2018body and soul cleanser\u2019, following the birth or death of a family member. It has also been suggested as a medicine and more profusely as a pesticidal spray for plants and as a soil enriching manure.[10]\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"quote-light\"><p>Very recently, panchagavya has been suggested as a remedy for chikungunya as well.[13] Cow\u2019s urine has been used in the preparations of hair oil, shampoo, skin cream etc.[8]\u00a0Preparations like soap, nasal powder, body powder, body cream, incense sticks, tooth powder etc. have been prepared from the cow dung and recommended for medical use[8]. Probably to add sanctity to the entire gamut of these \u2018medications\u2019, it has been claimed that Indian pure breed cows have <a href=\"http:\/\/www.yogashram.in\/June%202006.htm\">\u2018immunology power\u2019<\/a> from 90% to 98% while the cows of mixed breed have less than 40%.[11]<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>The \u2018evidence&#8217;:<\/strong><br \/>\nCurious to know about <em>Panchagavya<\/em>, I asked an Ayurveda physician about its utility. She briefed me about all the virtues of the <em>gau mutra<\/em> (cow\u2019s urine), <em>gau maya<\/em> (cow dung) and <em>Panchagavya<\/em>, quoting the Charaka Samhita. But how can we, living in the 21st century,\u00a0 rely on an ancient text to justify the use of these excreta, I wondered. All these have been well studied by Charaka, she told me. May be, but the concept of biochemical molecules (and the modern biochemical analysers) and of microbes (and the means of isolating them) were non-existent during Charaka\u2019s time, I countered. But the cow\u2019s urine hasn\u2019t changed since Charaka\u2019s time, she averred. I was dumbstruck!<br \/>\nMost articles on the virtues of cow\u2019s excreta extensively quote from scriptures and the Charaka Samhita. Here are some of these arguments:<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"quote-light\">\n<ul>\n<li>The cow is our mother and we are her children. Therefore cow urine is beneficial.[8,11]<\/li>\n<li>Diseases are caused by imbalance of elements bile, mucous and air and cow urine balances elements.[8]<\/li>\n<li>Amongst urines, cow urine is best.[8]<\/li>\n<li>Ganga resides in the cow urine and it contains copper and gold salts, which are elixirs. It does not decay, older the cow urine, the more useful it is.[8]<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>Recently a lot has been written about the patents for cow urine; one obtained on the basis of laboratory studies (on culture plates and cell lines) on the usefulness of cow urine distillate in enhancing the efficacy of antibiotics and anti cancer drugs, [14,15] and the other patent obtained for cow urine therapy.[16] There are reports of the use of cow\u2019s urine therapy from Myanmar [17] and of a cow\u2019s urine concoction used as a traditional remedy for convulsive seizures in Nigeria.[18] There have also been reports of studies on the cow\u2019s urine distillate in gouty arthritis, lymphocyte and polymorphonuclear cells and carbon tetrachloride poisoning, all done on experimental animals in small numbers.[19-22] These results have been extrapolated freely and wild conclusions have been drawn about the \u2018magical powers\u2019 of the cow\u2019s urine in treating almost all the diseases afflicting mankind today.[14,17] Even the Department of\u00a0Animal Husbandry of the Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India,\u00a0has published reports that seek to promote the marketing of cow\u2019s urine as a therapeutic agent.[23]\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>The facts:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Faced with this blitzkrieg of marketing of cow\u2019s urine and the real danger that cow\u2019s urine and other products of cow\u2019s excreta may be pushed into the throats of hapless patients, with active support from the govt., agencies., it is time we look into the facts.<br \/>\nOne need not go far to see the hypocrisy of the \u2018cow urine promoters\u2019 than have a look at the ayurveda texts themselves, extensively quoted as the primary source of support for the utility of cow\u2019s urine as a therapeutic agent. All three major ancient texts of ayurveda, by Charaka (1<sup>st<\/sup>-2<sup>nd<\/sup> century), Susruta (3<sup>rd<\/sup> \u20134<sup>th<\/sup> century) and Vagbhata (7<sup>th<\/sup> century) mention of the therapeutic uses of beef[24,25] as well, but this fact is no where mentioned by the proponents of cow\u2019s urine. Eating beef is a sin and drinking cow\u2019s urine or eating its dung brings health, if these self-styled guardians of ancient Indian tradition are to be believed.<\/p>\n<p>What about the much touted patents for cow\u2019s urine? A patent is a set of exclusive rights granted by a state to an inventor to prevent or exclude others from making, using, selling, offering to sell or importing the invention.[26] Nothing more, nothing less. A patent in itself cannot be the proof for the utility of any product. It is hardly surprising that while International patents have been registered for cow\u2019s urine and its products, no such patent has been obtained from the Govt. of India. An Indian patent may not make enough and weighty news, but an international patent, on the other, helps to claim that even \u2018foreigners\u2019 have accepted the virtues of cow\u2019s urine!<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p id=\"xfXbjMs\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"215\" class=\"size-full wp-image-7218  alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/vedkabhed.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/img_5f2412d2c9613.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>All the studies available in the literature about the therapeutic efficacy of cow\u2019s excreta are small studies conducted in the labs and on animals or tissues. There are no reports of any controlled, double blind clinical studies in humans, other than some anecdotal reports and claims by the practitioners of \u2018cow therapy\u2019 and all these so called claims of research appear dubious by any scientific standards.[27] Most of these papers contradict their own claims: the claims made about the gold and copper salts in urine, for example, are not supported by the data provided by the protagonists themselves.[8,28]\n<p>Urine is urine, the liquid waste that is filtered by the kidneys and excreted through the urinary system. It contains many solutes and biological products that are unnecessary for the living body and hence excreted and also some substances secreted by the urinary tract to facilitate this excretion. Chemical constituents of human and animal urine are almost alike.[28,29] For example, Urokinase is an enzyme secreted into the urine to prevent its clogging; today, it is extracted from human urine and used to dissolve clots in the coronary arteries in patients who suffer a heart attack.[30] Does this justify drinking one\u2019s own urine in case of a heart attack? Far from it. Is cow\u2019s urine safe for mankind? There are reports of severe adverse effects, even fatal, of drinking cow urine concoctions, further supported by experimental evidence.[31] Cow\u2019s urine can also be a source of infectious diseases, especially leptospirosis, [32] that can spread through oral mucosa. The claim that cow\u2019s urine and cow dung have antiseptic properties is not only baseless, but also dangerously misleading. While cow dung (and all fecal matter) is teeming with bacteria excreted from the intestines, several bacteria have been isolated from <em>Panchagavya <\/em>too.[33,34] Application of these bacteria-rich excreta onto wounds may lead to life threatening sepsis. Only those who are absolutely ignorant about such facts can daringly market cow\u2019s excreta as antiseptics, but the tragedy is that some practitioners of modern medicine, blinded by their faiths in their \u2018spiritual heads\u2019 or <em>\u2018Mathadhipathis\u2019<\/em> also appear to support such nonsense.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Conclusions:<br \/>\n<\/strong><br \/>\nIt is clear that cow\u2019s urine and other excreta are only the waste products rejected by the animal\u2019s body and are similar to the excreta of other animals and therefore, there is absolutely no reason why the cow\u2019s urine or other excreta should be venerable over those of humans beings or other animals.<\/p>\n<p>The claims of the efficacy of cow\u2019s excreta (and their products) in the treatment of almost every disease are not supported by any evidence and there are no clinical trials reported on the use of these products in human beings. With reports available about the possible adverse effects of the use of cow\u2019s excreta, it is shocking that such products are being allowed to be not only marketed but also trumpeted, even supported by the agencies of the govt. of India, as the \u2018cure-for-all\u2019 wonder drugs.<\/p>\n<p>Propaganda regarding the utility of cow\u2019s excreta largely emanates from the obscurantist and Hindu fundamentalist forces and appears to be designed to condemn the ordinary human beings into ingesting cow\u2019s excreta under the alibi of \u2018treatment\u2019 and \u2018long life\u2019. This is not surprising at all, given the several instances of the down trodden dalits forced into eating even human excreta by the same fundamentalists.[35]\n<p>Eulogising the cow (and not buffalo and other cattle that are equally \u2018useful\u2019) as \u2018second mother\u2019, \u2018God mother\u2019, \u2018mother of the world\u2019 etc., largely because it provides milk,[11] (and hopefully not because of its excreta) raises a fundamental question about the concept of motherhood itself: Do we love and respect our own mothers solely because we have been breastfed and is motherhood only about milk?<\/p>\n<p>This entire exercise of marketing the cow\u2019s products and promising huge economic benefits (a claim not supported by any data) of keeping the cows even after they have passed the age of secreting milk\u00a0 is part of the grand design to prevent the slaughtering of the cows so as to deprive the poor sections of the society from quality meat as well as some economic benefits of marketing the beef. But sustaining the livestock is proving to be very costly for the environment, with a large share of global warming attributed to the livestock.[36,37] It is time we take a rational view of all the issues involved.<br \/>\n<strong>References:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Cattle. The Wikipedia Available at <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cattle\">http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cattle<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Discover how cows have altered human life, human biology, and the geography of the world Availalbe at <a href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/wnet\/nature\/holycow\/\">http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/wnet\/nature\/holycow\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Subhuman Das. Indian Cows: Blessed Bovines! <a href=\"http:\/\/hinduism.about.com\/library\/weekly\/aa101800a.htm\">http:\/\/hinduism.about.com\/library\/weekly\/aa101800a.htm<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.vishwagou.org\/\">http:\/\/www.vishwagou.org\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Cow Protection Available at <a href=\"http:\/\/www.vhp.org\/protectthecow.php\">http:\/\/www.vhp.org\/protectthecow.php<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Taneja N. Mangalore \u2018Riots\u2019. People\u2019s Democracy. October 22, 2006; 30(43) Available at <a href=\"http:\/\/pd.cpim.org\/2006\/1022\/10222006_nalini.htm\">http:\/\/pd.cpim.org\/2006\/1022\/10222006_nalini.htm<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Rajalakshmi TK. Slaughter of the Dalits. Frontline November 09 \u2013 22, 2002;19(23) Available at <a href=\"http:\/\/www.hinduonnet.com\/fline\/fl1923\/stories\/20021122003703800.htm\">http:\/\/www.hinduonnet.com\/fline\/fl1923\/stories\/20021122003703800.htm<\/a><\/li>\n<li>\n<p align=\"left\">Cow Urine: Principles &amp; Applications Available at <a href=\"http:\/\/www.hkrl.com\/cowurine.html\">http:\/\/www.hkrl.com\/cowurine.html<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>Panchagavya. Available at <a href=\"http:\/\/www.thereligiousproducts.com\/panchagavya.html\">http:\/\/www.thereligiousproducts.com\/panchagavya.html<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Natarajan K. Panchagavya: How to Make. Available at <a href=\"http:\/\/www.agricultureinformation.com\/forums\/organic-farming\/15995-panchagavya-how-make.html\">http:\/\/www.agricultureinformation.com\/forums\/organic-farming\/15995-panchagavya-how-make.html<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Seminar on mother cow and Panchagavya. Available at <a href=\"http:\/\/www.goshala.com\/articles\/panchagavya.php\">http:\/\/www.goshala.com\/articles\/panchagavya.php<\/a><\/li>\n<li>http:\/\/www.goshalaindia.com\/scientific-propeties.html<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.daijiworld.com\/news\/news_disp.asp?n_id=48836&amp;n_tit=Belthangady%3A+Live+Naturally%2C+Be+Free+From+Ailments+-+Raghaveswara+Bharathi\">http:\/\/www.daijiworld.com\/news\/news_disp.asp?n_id=48836&amp;n_tit=Belthangady%3A+Live+Naturally%2C+Be+Free+From+Ailments+-+Raghaveswara+Bharathi<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Dhama K, Chauhan RS, Singhal L. Anti-cancer activity of cow urine: Current status and future directions. International Journal of Cow Science 2005;1(2) Available at http:\/\/indianjournals.com\/ijor.aspx?target=ijor:ijcs&amp;volume=1&amp;issue=2&amp;article=001<\/li>\n<li>Khanuja SPS et al. Use Of Bioactive Fraction From Cow Urine Distillate (\u2018Go Mutra\u2019) As A Bio-Enhancer Of Anti-Infective, Anti-Cancer Agents And Nutrients Available at <a href=\"http:\/\/www.freepatentsonline.com\/EP1330253.html\">http:\/\/www.freepatentsonline.com\/EP1330253.html<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Jain VK. Cow Urine Therapy And Herbal Medicinal Composition With Cow Urine And Method Of Manufacturing The Same World Intellectual Property Organisation, International Patent No WO\/2002\/096440 Available at <a href=\"http:\/\/www.wipo.int\/pctdb\/en\/wo.jsp?IA=IN2001000136&amp;WO=2002096440&amp;DISPLAY=DESC\">http:\/\/www.wipo.int\/pctdb\/en\/wo.jsp?IA=IN2001000136&amp;WO=2002096440&amp;DISPLAY=DESC<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Awale et al. An amazing cow\u2019s urine therapy in Myanmar. J Trad Med. 2006;23:178-83 Available at <a href=\"http:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/jtm\/23\/5\/178\/_pdf\">http:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/jtm\/23\/5\/178\/_pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Elegbe RA, Oyebola DD. Cow\u2019s urine poisoning in Nigeria: cardiorespiratory effects of cow\u2019s urine in dogs. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1977;71(2):127-32.<\/li>\n<li>Influence of \u201cDivine Cow Powder\u201d on Peripheral Tissues of Acute Gouty Arthritis Acta Universitatis Traditionis Medicalis Sinensis Pharmacologiaeque Shanghai 2007 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.shvoong.com\/medicine-and-health\/1597348-influence-divine-cow-powder-peripheral\/\">http:\/\/www.shvoong.com\/medicine-and-health\/1597348-influence-divine-cow-powder-peripheral\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Dipanwita Dutta, S Saravana Devi, K Krishnamurthi, T Chakrabarti Anticlastogenic effect of redistilled cow\u2019s urine distillate in human peripheral lymphocytes challenged with manganese dioxide and hexavalent chromium. Biomed Environ Sci. 2006 Dec ;19 (6):487-94 <a href=\"http:\/\/lib.bioinfo.pl\/pmid:17319276\">http:\/\/lib.bioinfo.pl\/pmid:17319276<\/a><\/li>\n<li>K Krishnamurthi, Dipanwita Dutta, S D Sivanesan, T Chakrabarti. Protective effect of distillate and redistillate of cow\u2019s urine in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes challenged with established genotoxic chemicals Available at <a href=\"http:\/\/lib.bioinfo.pl\/pmid:15602821\">http:\/\/lib.bioinfo.pl\/pmid:15602821<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Achliya GS, Kotagale NR, Wadodkar SG, Dorle AK. Hepatoprotective activity of panchagavya ghrita against carbontetrachloride induced hepatotoxicity in rats Indian journal of pharmacology 2003;35(5):308-311 Available at <a href=\"http:\/\/cat.inist.fr\/?aModele=afficheN&amp;cpsidt=15240774\">http:\/\/cat.inist.fr\/?aModele=afficheN&amp;cpsidt=15240774<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Sunil Mansinghka Bi Products Of Cattle \u2013 Organic Manure And Cow Urine \u2013 Medicines \u2013 Draught \u2013 Gas \u2013 Electricity. Available at <a href=\"http:\/\/dahd.nic.in\/ch5\/chap5.htm\">http:\/\/dahd.nic.in\/ch5\/chap5.htm<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Jha DN. Paradox of the Indian Cow: Attitudes to Beef Eating in Early India. Available at <a href=\"http:\/\/www.indowindow.net\/sad\/article.php?child=17&amp;article=11\">http:\/\/www.indowindow.net\/sad\/article.php?child=17&amp;article=11<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Cathy Wong Ayurvedic Foods for Your\u00a0Type: How to Eat for Your Dosha. Available at <a href=\"http:\/\/altmedicine.about.com\/cs\/2\/a\/ayurveda.htm\">http:\/\/altmedicine.about.com\/cs\/2\/a\/ayurveda.htm<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Patent. Available at <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Patent\">http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Patent<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Research paper and observation. Dr. Jain\u2019s Cow urine Therapy. Available at http:\/\/www.cowurine.com\/research-paper.html<\/li>\n<li>The Main Elements of Cow Urine and Their Functions. Dr. Jain\u2019s Cow urine Therapy. Available at http:\/\/www.cowurine.com\/main-element-of-cow.html<\/li>\n<li>Putnam DF. Composition And Concentrative Properties Of Human Urine. Available at <a href=\"http:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/archive\/nasa\/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov\/19710023044_1971023044.pdf\">http:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/archive\/nasa\/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov\/19710023044_1971023044.pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Urokinase. Available at <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Urokinase\">http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Urokinase<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Oyebola DD, Elegbe RA. Cow\u2019s urine poisoning in Nigeria. Experimental observations in mice. Available at Trop Geogr Med. 1975 Jun;27(2):194-202.<\/li>\n<li>Sharma S, Vijayachari P, Sugunan AP, Sehgal SC. Leptospiral carrier state and seroprevalence among animal population \u2013 a cross-sectional sample survey in Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Epidemiology and Infection 2003;131:985-989<\/li>\n<li>Akinde SB, Obire O.\u00a0Aerobic heterotrophic bacteria and petroleum-utilizing bacteria from cow dung and poultry manure World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 2008;24(9):1999-2002<\/li>\n<li>Bhat SS, Vinu AK, Naidu R. Association of Diverse Groups of Bacteria with \u2018Panchagavya\u2019 and their Effect on Growth Promotion of Coffee Seedlings. The Association for Science and Information on Coffee (ASIC): Proceedings of ASIC Conferences \u2013 20th Colloquium : Agronomy Available at <a href=\"http:\/\/www.asic-cafe.org\/pdf\/abstract\/PA224_2004.pdf\">http:\/\/www.asic-cafe.org\/pdf\/abstract\/PA224_2004.pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Siriyavan Anand. India Shining with Hindu Diet: Cow urine and dung for caste hindus, Human shit and piss for dalits Available at <a href=\"http:\/\/www.chowk.com\/ilogs\/65586\/48030\">http:\/\/www.chowk.com\/ilogs\/65586\/48030<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Rearing cattle produces more greenhouse gases than driving cars, UN report warns <a title=\"http:\/\/www.un.org\/apps\/news\/story.asp?NewsID=20772&amp;Cr=global&amp;Cr1=warming\" href=\"http:\/\/www.un.org\/apps\/news\/story.asp?NewsID=20772&amp;Cr=global&amp;Cr1=warming\">http:\/\/www.un.org\/apps\/news\/story.asp?NewsID=20772&amp;Cr=global&amp;Cr1=warming<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Livestock\u2019s Long Shadow\u2013Environmental Issues and Options <a title=\"http:\/\/www.virtualcentre.org\/en\/library\/key_pub\/longshad\/A0701E00.pdf\" href=\"http:\/\/www.virtualcentre.org\/en\/library\/key_pub\/longshad\/A0701E00.pdf\">http:\/\/www.virtualcentre.org\/en\/library\/key_pub\/longshad\/A0701E00.pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Written by Srinivas Kakkilaya The cow is, at the least, an animal domesticated by man for help in agricultural activities.[1]\u00a0 Although the mighty machines now used in farming have made these animals irrelevant in agriculture, valiant attempts are being made, at least in India, to preserve the exalted position of the so called \u2018second mother\u2019 &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7216,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[582],"tags":[128,148,174,180,200,218,244,326,39,339,385,50,53,485,503,530,68,75],"class_list":["post-1761","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-science","tag-benefits","tag-cancer","tag-cow-urine","tag-dayanand","tag-dung","tag-exreta","tag-gomutra","tag-lekhram","tag-mahabharata","tag-manu","tag-panchgavya","tag-purana","tag-ramayana","tag-shraddhanand","tag-sutra","tag-upanishad","tag-veda","tag-zakir-naik"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.9 - 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